This project studies Late Bronze Age (LBA) ceramic production at the site of Kaymakçı in the Marmara Lake basin of the Gediz River valley. The project applies instrumental and analytical methods to explore the labor, resources, and time associated with all stages of ceramic production. Ceramic petrography is used to identify ware groups, production techniques, raw materials, and inclusions. Geochemical analysis determines possible material sources and supports the determination of transportation distances and associated labor. This study pioneers the application of energetics methodologies, best known in applications to ancient architecture, to analyze the social and economic energy required for ceramic production. The energetics approach is novel both in Anatolia and elsewhere. Volumetric calculations, facilitated by the site’s 3D recording system, enable precise calculations, seriated by ceramic phases. The site’s digital ceramic processing protocols record all ceramic counts and weights (with no exceptions) and enable 3D modeling of sherds, facilitating the reconstruction of vessels and calculation of resource quantities. The research explores changes in ceramic production over time, providing data on workforce size and control mechanisms. The project at ANAMED aims to refine existing preliminary results, focusing on laboratory studies, analytical analyses, and experimental reconstructions to further investigate energy and time costs in functional and decorative ceramic production processes
Tunç Kaner
Koç University
Ceramic Energetics: A Holistic Material Approach to the Production of Late Bronze Age Ceramics from Western Anatolia